Irrigation systems are in practice to supply water to the soil by using synthetic measures. It is a prerequisite to provide and maintain the moisture level of soil for the proper and healthy growth of a plant. This technology is applicable in all plant farming areas like fields, orchards, plant nurseries, gardens etc. Different methods are now working for the purpose of proper distribution of water to plants for better productivity.
According to needs of agriculture practices, there are numerous techniques being developed for the supply of water to the crops. All of these are designed according to the requirement of water, nature of crop seasonal impact, initial cost and labor required. The main purpose of all of this modification is to improve the overall progress of the crop and profit. There are following types developed to achieve these goals.
Surface method: A process which helps to distribute water in the farming land by the help of a natural force of gravity called surface application. This form is also known as flood method. It is an example of traditional artificial water supply. Seventy percent of people from farming background adopt this procedure because it is simple in application and cost-effective. Generally, this category is sub grouped into basin, uncontrolled, furrow and border category also. Basin and border are used in orchards where normally fruit trees are growing. Other two methods are widely used for all other farming applications.
Drip method: In this process water is supplied to plant by using a tube like structure which has a small diameter. Trickle is another name of this type which is used by common man. It provides water in the form of droplets. It helps to reduce the water loss as well as helping to provide nutrients to plant. Drip Irrigation Systems
Localized: In this method, small pipes are used as a medium to provide water. But in this case pressure of the water remains low. This is normally used when there is a need to distribute water for home gardening. This application is the simplest way of irrigation systems for domestics use.
Sprinkler: Here a small device is being attached to a pipe which helps to discharge water like a rainfall. This is used for lawn, gardens as well as for vegetation production. It is sometimes also used to suppress the dust in surroundings. Sprinkler Irrigation Systems
Sub-irrigated method: In this world, there are few geographical areas where a level of the water table is low as compared to other areas for example deserts. In such conditions plants are unable to take water from the soil for the purpose of their growth. This is a permanent setting of irrigation systems inside the soil which provides water directly to the roots of the soils in order to facilitate their growth fully. This is a more expensive method as compare to others. Agricultural Irrigation Systems